European honey bees are the primary managed pollinators in orchards because their abundance can be managed from year to year. However, due to competing demands, disease, the introduction of parasitic mites (mainly Varroa destructor), and likely impacts from insecticide and fungicide use in the field, the pollination picture has changed.
Organization |
Penn State Extension |
Publisher |
Penn State University |
Published |
2016 |
Material Type |
Written Material |