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Herd Health Programs and Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cattle

Summary

An excellent herd health program is an important component of overall management for reproductive efficiency, as health can significantly impact the reproductive performance of cattle as well as the value of the calf crop. Failure to protect against disease and detrimental environmental factors can result in reduced pregnancy rates, stunted calf growth, or costly treatment in a given year. Long term effects, such as permanent infertility or inadequate immune development in replacement animals, are also a threat. Veterinarians should be consulted to develop protocols specific to the needs and goals of each operation based on the management goals, geographic location, and individual risk factors of the operation. Some of these risk factors specifically target the reproductive soundness of the cow herd. Non-infectious concerns may have significant effects yet are often overlooked as a part of herd health programs. Inadequate nutrition, excessive heat, or parasite load can indirectly harm reproductive performance by reducing body condition or increasing stress. Infectious diseases, such as vibriosis, brucellosis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine diarrheal virus, trichomoniasis, leptospirosis, can directly reduce fertility or cause abortion and may rapidly spread through inadequately protected herds. Comprehensive herd health programs will mitigate these risks through consistent monitoring and proactive management.